Natna chi hrang hrang tam tak zingah thosi seh avanga natna leh thihna hi a tam pawl tak a ni ngei ang. A bik takin Africa & India-ah a tam zualin buaipui nasat pawh a hlawh a. India ramah pawh kum tin mai hian kan natpuiin kan buaipui em em zel a nih hi.
A chhan ni bera lang chu India hi Tropical Region (ram lum leh hnawng uap churh), thosi awmna duhzawng tak a ni a, chu bakah a tizual turin bawlhhlawh paih dan felfai lo (sanitation) leh tuichhe luan kawr mumal lo (sewage drain) lutuk, tui han tlin khawm mai theihna remchang a tam bawk nen. A vanduaithlakna tibelhtu a tam a ni.
Thosi seh avanga natna lar zual deuhte ilo tarlang ang (Tunlaia a lar dan indawtin).
1. Chikungunia:
Ṭhang thum lian zet (3 decades)-a tam a inlar tawh loh hnu leh a rem ta emaw tih hnuah 2006 aṭang khan a rawn inlar leh a. Kumin/tunlai hian a lar leh hle mai bawk a, a natna lanchhuah dan hi Dengue nen a inang deuh a, thisen test hmasak a finfiah vat a ngai.
Mahse Dengue aiin a hlauhawm loh zawk a, hun a duh rei deuh zawk thung. A tirah ruhna (joint pains) a rawn awm a, a vungin kal pawh a tiharsa hial thei a ni. Luna em emin a zui a, khawsik sangin zui leh a ni. Vun thak neuh neuh a awm bawk a, a chhan chu taksa chhunga virus (natna hrikte an thih vang) a ni a. A tlangpuiin khawsik reh hnuah pawh ruh hi a la na a, vanduai phei chuan thla 6 lai a awh thei a ni. Tin, thisen test (CBC) a ngai a, WBC a nih dan tur pangngai aiin a sang deuh tlangpui a. Tui in hnem a pawimawhin, ORS te, Numbu pani te in a ṭha bawk.
2. Dengue: 1996
Dengue hi kan hre ṭheuh awm e. Thosi chi khat Aedes Aegypti-in a seh aṭanga damlohna hi lo awm a ni a. A seh aṭanga ni 3-10 chhungin alo langchhuak ṭhin a ni. Dengue hi chi 2 a awm a:
I. Classical Dengue Fever: (Breakbone Fever).
Khawsik 39ºC - 40ºC, Luna, Ruhna/Thana ṭhum, Eng ngaihtheihlohna (Photophobia), Chawei tui lo (Anorexia), Ek khal (Constipation), Mit kham/nuam lo.
II. Dengue Haemoruhage Fever:
Khawsik 40-41ºC, Luna, Hnar thi/Hahni thi, Luakchhuak, Chawei tui lo, Pumna, Thisen Put- hnar, beng, serh, etc. aṭangin a chhuak thei a, chu chuan shock (BP hniam thut, nikhaw hriatlohna, marphu rang) a thlen thei a, nachhawkna rau rauah pawh Nise leh Aspirin eitir hi khap a ni.
Tin, Dengue ah hian Platelet Count a tlahniam thin a, inenkawl vat vat a ngai a ni. Tui leh thil tuiril in tam a pawimawh hle.
*Platelet Count hi WBC a peng 1 a ni a, kan inhliam palh, etc. a thisen chhuakte a tam tak tak hmaa tikhang chattu, Thrombosis a pai a, a pawimawh em em a ni.
3. Malaria: 1953 (NMCD), 1958 (NMEP), 1995 (NAMCP)
Tlang rama awm ṭhin kan ni a, Malaria hi hre lo kan awm awm lo ve. Thosi chi khat Anopheles-ah pawh a nu chi (Female Anopheles) in a seh avanga damlohna hi thleng a ni. A seh aṭanga ni 12 leh 14 velah a langchhuak tlangpui. Malaria hi chi 4 a awm a:-
I. Plasmodium Vivax (Pv)
II. Plasmodium Falciparum (Pf)
III. Plasmodium Ovale
IV. Plasmodium Malariae
I leh II khi chu a larin kan lo hriat tawh hnu pawh a ni maithei, III leh IV hi a lar vak lo.
Plasmodium Vivax hi Malaria benvawn tihte pawhin an sawi ṭhin. A tira enkawl ṭhat loh chuan kum 3 lai a awh thei a ni.
Plasmodium Falciparum hi a rang a, “Cerebual Malaria” an ti a, ‘Malaria thluaka lut’ kan ti mai a, heihi thihpui an tam hle a ni.
Tin, Malaria khawsik hi darkar 48 danahte a thleng a, khawsik hi a chhunzawm reng lo a ni; chi thum kan hriat turte:-
A tirah khawsik tlun, khur hlawk hlawk. Darkar 1-2 velah Temperatue sang tak, luna. Chumi hnuah thlan tlain a zui leh ṭhin. Tin, Anaemia (thisen tlachham); an dawldangin thinlian te pawh a thlen thei bawk a ni.
4. Japanese Encephalitis:
He natna hi Assam, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Karnataka leh Tamil Nadu-ah a lar a, engtik lai pwha rawn chhuak leh thut (outbreak) reng a ni a. Heng a tamna hmunahte hian JE Vaccine an pe reng a, Naupang kum 1-15-ah a lar hle (85%). JE hian khawsik piah lamah rilru kim lohna/mental retarded a thlen thei a, taksa mai a ni lo, thluak a khawih pawi a ni. Thosi seh aṭanga ni 15-ah a lang ṭan a ni. A vaccine hi JE SA-14-14-2 strain a ni.
5. Kala Azar: (Black Fever/Dum Dum Fever).
Malaria tih lohah chuan Kala Azar hi thihpui tam ber a ni. “Leishmaniasis’ tiin an sawi bawk. Kum tin mi 2,00,000 - 4,00,000 in infection an kai thar a. Thosi chi khat ‘sand flies’ aṭanga inkaichhawn a ni. Lei hnawng-ah an piang duh hle.
Khawsik, rihna tlahniam thut, chau ngawih ngawih, thisen tlem, thin-lian a thlen a, ruh leh thling (bone marrow) thlengin a khawih pawi a ni. 1991 aṭang khan Kala Azar tihrem dan tur hi programme felfai tak nen India-ah din a ni.
6. Filaria:
Filaria rulhut chi khat thosiin an kai, mihring an seh a, chu rulhut chu taksaah a lo luh avanga thleng a ni a. Michrofilaria, W. Bancrofti leh B. Malayi te hi a hrik hming a ni. Khua a sik ve nghal mai lova, thosi seh aṭanga thla 8-16 lai, langchhuak turin hun a duh a. Delhi-ah chuan a lar lova, Kerela, Andhra Pradesh, Orissa, West Bengal leh Tamil Nadu-ah te a hluar em em a ni.
A tirah khawsik, serh vung, ke leh ban vung (Elephantiasis), Lymphangtis in a awm ṭhin. Kum 1955 aṭang khan National Filaria Control Programme tiin India-ah a tihremna tur an lo din tawh a ni.
7. Zika Virus:
India-ah a case la hre rih lo mah ila, 2014 aṭanga rawn lar Uganda Forest hming 1 chawi, Zika hi S/N America ram velah an buaipui hle a nih kha, Venezuela, Brazil, etc. ah te.
Engtin nge heng natna lakah hian kan inven ang?
1. In leh a vel tihfai ngun tur. Kan in bul hnaia luikawr (side drain) te endik a, tui tlingte phiah darh ziah tur.
2. Kan bathroom leh kitchen-a tui kan dahkhawlna te chhin phui ṭhin tur.
3. Pangpar pot, thlengkum leh motor ke (tyre) te kan in chung/kwt velah a awm chuan tui tlin leh tlin loh enfiah tur.
4. Cooler tui kar 2 danah vawi 1 tal tihfai a, thlak tur. Khawnvartui (Mitli tel) far 2/3 far tur. Thosi tui mah se a keu theihna tur Oxygen an mamawh a tiping/chat daih a ni.
5. Mahni faina leh thianghlimna (personal hygiene) ngaih pawimawh tur.
6. Tlai lamah a theih chuan kawr bantlawn leh kekawr tlawn hak fo tur.
7. Zanah Thosilen zar ngei ngei tur.
8. Odomos te inhnawih a, Good Knight leh All Out chhit taimak a, Mosquito Repellent hman tur.
Inven hi tihdam aiin a ṭha zawk.
- Mafaki
(Hriselna atana hriat tur pawimawh leh ngaihnawm tak mai min hrilhtu, Nl. Mafaki chungah kan lawm e. A dang pawh rawn thawh zel turin kan beisei nghal bawk a ni... Ed.)
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